Diamond cutting and polishing is a meticulous process that transforms raw, unrefined stones into brilliant, faceted gems. This centuries-old craft combines artistry, advanced technology, and precision engineering, playing a central role in the global diamond supply chain—from mines to market.

What Is Diamond Cutting and Polishing?
The process involves analyzing, shaping, faceting, and finishing rough diamonds to maximize their optical performance, clarity, and value. Each diamond's unique characteristics—such as inclusions, color, and crystal structure—are carefully studied before any cut is made.

Key Stages of the Process

1. Planning

   • The most critical stage, involving 3D mapping and inclusion scanning using computer-aided design (CAD) software

   • Determines how to cut the stone for optimal carat yield and symmetry

   • Balances beauty with profitability

2. Cleaving or Sawing

   • The rough diamond is split using lasers or mechanical sawing tools

   • This creates pre-shaped pieces that are easier to work with

3. Bruting

   • The diamond is rounded into a basic shape (usually a round brilliant) by grinding against another diamond

   • Establishes the girdle—the stone’s outer edge

4. Faceting (Cutting)

   • The diamond is polished into precise facets to enhance light reflection

   • Two phases: blocking (main facets) and brillianteering (fine facets)